CCNP Route - Classroom Notes

Addressing Format: * All Addresses are in Binary Format: 1.Port Address: To Identify & Keep the data seperate for each application protocol. Ex:Chrome>HTTP>80 Length:16 bits Represented in Decimal Numbering Systems Full Range: 0 -65,535 i.e.2^16 = 65,536 {0-65,536} Divided into three blocks: 1. Well-known ports :0-1023 - Standard & not changable 2. Registered ports :1025-49,151 - IANA - Pay money & buy port no for your app. 3. Dynamic/Private Ports:49,152-65,535 - Keep the data seperate for each application 2.Physical Address: L2 - Forwarding the data i.e. Switching ex:DLCI no. for Frame relay MAC add for Ethernet - NIC Address > Length: 48 bits > Represented in 12 Hexa Digits > Divided into two 24 bits > OUI{ieee} & VA{nic vendor i.e. cisco, dlink, intel} > Configured/Hardcoded by vendor itself > Unquie address i.e. No Duplicate address 3.Logical Address : L3 - To selecting best route i.e. Routing - Protocols:IPv4, IPv6, Appletalk >Network Address i.e. Area Address >Host Address i.e. Device address IPV4 Addressing Format: Length: 32 bits Divided into 4 octets {1 octet = 8 bits} Represented in dotted decimal notation ex: 192.168.1.1/24 IPV6 Addressing Format: Length: 128 bits Divided into 8 groups of 4 hexa digits{1 hexa = 4 bits} Represented in 32 hexa digits Example: 2001:0000:0000:0000: 0000:0000:0000:0001/64 = 128 bits 8421 2:0010 0:0000 0:0000 1:0001 For Easy Representation: Rule no 1: Remove Continous zero's & Add :: >2001::0001/64 Rule no 2: In Groups remove prefixs zero's >2001::1/64 IPv6 Types of Addresses: 1 NIC will have more than one address. ex: 1. Link-Local address - LAN > Auto/Dynamic configure using EUI-64 Standard {MAC} 2. Unique-Local address - Intranet i.e. Inter-Branch Connectivity -Free add range:FC00::/7 3. Global-Scope address - Internet i.e. IANA>Registries>ISP>Customer How to Configure: Link-local:FE80::OUI:fffe:VA/64 Site local:FC00::/7 Global scope:ISP i.e.2000... Multicasting components 1. Muticast server:Sender 2. Muticast Router 3. Multicast Client 4. Multicast protocol:OSPF for Multicast ,PIM 5. Multicast Management Procotol :IGMP Join 6. Multicast Addresses: IPv4: 224 > 239 i.e.1110 IPv6: FF